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<title data-rh="true">5th and 6th seminar | mf</title><meta data-rh="true" name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><meta data-rh="true" name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"><meta data-rh="true" property="og:url" content="https://blog.mfocko.xyz/pb071/bonuses/seminar-05-06"><meta data-rh="true" name="docusaurus_locale" content="en"><meta data-rh="true" name="docsearch:language" content="en"><meta data-rh="true" name="docusaurus_version" content="current"><meta data-rh="true" name="docusaurus_tag" content="docs-pb071-current"><meta data-rh="true" name="docsearch:version" content="current"><meta data-rh="true" name="docsearch:docusaurus_tag" content="docs-pb071-current"><meta data-rh="true" property="og:title" content="5th and 6th seminar | mf"><meta data-rh="true" name="description" content="200IQ encryption.
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implementing a very special cipher.</p><h3 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="task-no-1-reverse-05-k">Task no. 1: Reverse (0.5 K₡)<a href="#task-no-1-reverse-05-k" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Task no. 1: Reverse (0.5 K₡)" title="Direct link to Task no. 1: Reverse (0.5 K₡)"></a></h3><p>Write a function <code>char* reverse(const char* text)</code> that returns copy of the input
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string in reversed order (also uppercase).</p><p>In case you are given <code>NULL</code>, return <code>NULL</code>.</p><p>Example (more in tests):</p><div class="language-c codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#000000;--prism-background-color:#ffffff"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-c codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(0, 0, 255)">char</span><span class="token operator" style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0)">*</span><span class="token plain"> reversed </span><span class="token operator" style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0)">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(0, 0, 255)">reverse</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(163, 21, 21)">"Hello world!"</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(0, 0, 255)">printf</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(163, 21, 21)">"%s\n"</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">,</span><span class="token plain"> reversed</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(0, 128, 0)">// "!DLROW OLLEH"</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(0, 0, 255)">if</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">(</span><span class="token plain">reversed </span><span class="token operator" style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0)">!=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token constant" style="color:rgb(129, 31, 63)">NULL</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(0, 0, 255)">free</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">(</span><span class="token plain">reversed</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">}</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonIcon_y97N"><path fill="currentColor" d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div><
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used for encrypting (or decrypting).</p><p>Your task is to write two functions:</p><ul><li><code>char* vigenere_encrypt(const char* key, const char* text)</code> for encrypting</li><li><code>char* vigenere_decrypt(const char* key, const char* text)</code> for decrypting</li></ul><p>In both of those you should return uppercase characters.</p><p>Meaning of the parameters you are given:</p><ul><li><code>key</code> - String that represents key that is used for <!-- -->*<!-- -->crypting. It consists of
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one word and can have only characters of the alphabet. Does not matter if they
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are uppercase or lowercase.</li><li><code>text</code> - String that is to be <!-- -->*<!-- -->crypted.</li></ul><p>Function returns address of the encrypted (or decrypted) string. Or <code>NULL</code> in case
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error occurs.</p><p>Example:</p><div class="language-c codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#000000;--prism-background-color:#ffffff"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-c codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(0, 0, 255)">char</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0)">*</span><span class="token plain">encrypted </span><span class="token operator" style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0)">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(0, 0, 255)">vigenere_encrypt</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(163, 21, 21)">"CoMPuTeR"</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(163, 21, 21)">"Hello world!"</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(0, 0, 255)">printf</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(163, 21, 21)">"%s\n"</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">,</span><span class="token plain"> encrypted</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(0, 128, 0)">// "JSXAI PSINR!"</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(0, 0, 255)">if</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">(</span><span class="token plain">encrypted </span><span class="token operator" style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0)">!=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token constant" style="color:rgb(129, 31, 63)">NULL</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(0, 0, 255)">free</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">(</span><span class="token plain">encrypted</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">}</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonIcon_y97N"><path fill="currentColor" d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21
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you can gain 0.5 K₡.</p><p>Usage of <code>true</code>/<code>false</code> to decide path in code is prohibited. It leads to merging
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of both functions into one. Point of this part is to discover a way to do this
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generically in such way that there are no separate paths for one or the other. One
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function with no branching for both of them, parametrization is your friend :)</p><h3 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="task-no-3-bit-madness-05-k">Task no. 3: Bit madness (0.5 K₡)<a href="#task-no-3-bit-madness-05-k" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Task no. 3: Bit madness (0.5 K₡)" title="Direct link to Task no. 3: Bit madness (0.5 K₡)"></a></h3><p>This is a state of the art crypto. Please do not share :)</p><p>For encrypting:</p><ol><li>Split the character that is to be encrypted in halves (4 and 4 bits each).</li><li>Bits in 1st half are to be split into pairs. Swap bits in those pairs.</li><li>Then use the 4 bits that you created in the 2nd step for <code>XOR</code> with the other
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4 bits.</li></ol><p>This simple and ingenious principle will be illustrated on the following example.
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String we want to encrypt is <code>Hello world!</code>. We need to encrypt each letter separately,
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so we will demonstrate on letter <code>H</code>:</p><ol><li><p>Letter <code>H</code> is represented in ASCII as <code>72</code>.</p><p><code>72</code> represented in binary is: <code>01001000</code>. So first 4 bits are: <code>0100</code> and last
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4 bits are <code>1000</code>.</p></li><li><p>First half of bits (<code>0100</code>) consists of 2 pairs (<code>01</code> and <code>00</code>) which we swap
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(<code>01 ~> 10</code> and <code>00 ~> 00</code>). That way we get <code>1000</code>.</p></li><li><p>That half is used for xor with the other 4 bits:</p><div class="codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#000000;--prism-background-color:#ffffff"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-text codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain"> 1000 // second half</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain">XOR 1000 // first half after 2nd step</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain">--------</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain"> 0000</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonIcon_y97N"><path fill="currentColor" d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></li><li><p>Now we combine both halves (first one is <code>1000</code>, which we got from the 2nd step
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and second one is <code>0000</code>, which we got from the 3rd step) and get <code>10000000</code>,
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which is encrypted character <code>H</code> using this method.</p></li></ol><p>In case of decryption, reverse those steps.</p><p>Your task is to implement functions:</p><ul><li><code>unsigned char* bit_encrypt(const char* text)</code></li><li><code>char* bit_decrypt(const unsigned char* text)</code></li></ul><p>Example:</p><div class="language-c codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#000000;--prism-background-color:#ffffff"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-c codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(0, 0, 255)">unsigned</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(0, 0, 255)">char</span><span class="token operator" style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0)">*</span><span class="token plain"> encrypted </span><span class="token operator" style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0)">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(0, 0, 255)">bit_encrypt</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(163, 21, 21)">"Hello world!"</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(0, 0, 255)">for</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">(</span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(0, 0, 255)">int</span><span class="token plain"> i </span><span class="token operator" style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0)">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style="color:rgb(9, 134, 88)">0</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">;</span><span class="token plain"> i </span><span class="token operator" style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0)"><</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style="color:rgb(9, 134, 88)">12</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">;</span><span class="token plain">i</span><span class="token operator" style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0)">++</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(0, 0, 255)">printf</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(163, 21, 21)">"%x "</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">,</span><span class="token plain"> encrypted</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">[</span><span class="token plain">i</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">]</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(0, 128, 0)">//80 9c 95 95 96 11 bc 96 b9 95 9d 10</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(4, 81, 165)">}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="c
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present <a href="/pb071/mr">here</a>. For setting assignee my xlogin is <code>xfocko</code>.</p><p>In case you do not want to experiment on GitLab, send me the source code via email,
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but please prefix subject with: <code>[PB071/14][seminar-05-06]</code></p><p>Deadline for the submission of the bonus is <strong>April 21th 24:00</strong>.</p></div><footer class="theme-doc-footer docusaurus-mt-lg"><div class="theme-doc-footer-edit-meta-row row"><div class="col"><a href="https://gitlab.com/mfocko/blog/tree/main/pb071/bonuses/05-06.md" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="theme-edit-this-page"><svg fill="currentColor" height="20" width="20" viewBox="0 0 40 40" class="iconEdit_Z9Sw" aria-hidden="true"><g><path d="m34.5 11.7l-3 3.1-6.3-6.3 3.1-3q0.5-0.5 1.2-0.5t1.1 0.5l3.9 3.9q0.5 0.4 0.5 1.1t-0.5 1.2z m-29.5 17.1l18.4-18.5 6.3 6.3-18.4 18.4h-6.3v-6.2z"></path></g></svg>Edit this page</a></div><div class="col lastUpdated_vwxv"><span class="theme-last-updated">Last updated<!-- --> on <b><time datetime="2023-09-07T17:49:31.000Z">Sep 7, 2023</time></b></span></div></div></footer></article><nav class="pagination-nav docusaurus-mt-lg" aria-label="Docs pages"><a class="pagination-nav__link pagination-nav__link--prev" href="/pb071/bonuses/seminar-04"><div class="pagination-nav__sublabel">Previous</div><div class="pagination-nav__label">4th seminar</div></a><a class="pagination-nav__link pagination-nav__link--next" href="/pb071/bonuses/seminar-08"><div class="pagination-nav__sublabel">Next</div><div class="pagination-nav__label">8th seminar</div></a></nav></div></div><div class="col col--3"><div class="tableOfContents_bqdL thin-scrollbar theme-doc-toc-desktop"><ul class="table-of-contents table-of-contents__left-border"><li><a href="#introduction" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">Introduction</a><ul><li><a href="#task-no-1-reverse-05-k" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">Task no. 1: Reverse (0.5 K₡)</a></li><li><a href="#task-no-2-vigenère-05-k" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">Task no. 2: Vigenère (0.5 K₡)</a></li><li><a href="#task-no-3-bit-madness-05-k" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">Task no. 3: Bit madness (0.5 K₡)</a></li><li><a href="#task-no-4-all-combined-to-bmp-05-k" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">Task no. 4: All combined to BMP (0.5 K₡)</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#submitting" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">Submitting</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></main></div></div><footer class="footer footer--dark"><div class="container container-fluid"><div class="row footer__links"><div class="col footer__col"><div class="footer__title">Git</div><ul class="footer__items clean-list"><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://github.com/mfocko" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">GitHub<svg width="13.5" height="13.5" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="iconExternalLink_nPIU"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21 13v10h-21v-19h12v2h-10v15h17v-8h2zm3-12h-10.988l4.035 4-6.977 7.07 2.828 2.828 6.977-7.07 4.125 4.172v-11z"></path></svg></a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://gitlab.com/mfocko" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">GitLab<svg width="13.5" height="13.5" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="iconExternalLink_nPIU"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21 13v10h-21v-19h12v2h-10v15h17v-8h2zm3-12h-10.988l4.035 4-6.977 7.07 2.828 2.828 6.977-7.07 4.125 4.172v-11z"></path></svg></a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://git.mfocko.xyz/mfocko" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">Gitea (self-hosted)<svg width="13.5" height="13.5" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="iconExternalLink_nPIU"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21 13v10h-21v-19h12v2h-10v15h17v-8h2zm3-12h-10.988l4.035 4-6.977 7.07 2.828 2.828 6.977-7.07 4.125 4.172v-11z"></path></svg></a></li></ul></div><div class="col footer__col"><div class="footer__title">Social #1</div><ul class="footer__items clean-list"><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/mfocko/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">LinkedIn<svg width="13.5" height="13.5" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24" c
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