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<title data-rh="true">Practice exam C | mf</title><meta data-rh="true" name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><meta data-rh="true" name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"><meta data-rh="true" property="og:url" content="https://blog.mfocko.xyz/pb071/pexam/cams"><meta data-rh="true" name="docusaurus_locale" content="en"><meta data-rh="true" name="docsearch:language" content="en"><meta data-rh="true" name="docusaurus_version" content="current"><meta data-rh="true" name="docusaurus_tag" content="docs-pb071-current"><meta data-rh="true" name="docsearch:version" content="current"><meta data-rh="true" name="docsearch:docusaurus_tag" content="docs-pb071-current"><meta data-rh="true" property="og:title" content="Practice exam C | mf"><meta data-rh="true" name="description" content="Stalking cars…
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<em>faculty computers</em>.</li><li>In browser you are only allowed to have the following tabs open:<ul><li><a href="https://en.cppreference.com" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">C documentation</a></li><li>page containing the assignment</li></ul></li><li>You <strong>are not</strong> allowed to use your own source code, e.g. prepared beforehand
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or from the seminars.</li><li>You have <strong>5 minutes</strong> to read through the assignment and ask any follow-up
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questions should be there something unclear.</li><li>You have <strong>60 minutes</strong> to work on the assignment, afterward your work will be
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discussed with your seminar tutor.</li></ul></div></div><p>Your task is to write a program <code>cams</code> that will be processing input from the
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cams that are capable of identifying license plates on the cars and then
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print out summary based on the input data. Your contributions to the society are
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very much appreciated and may (or may not) be used for (each or none) of the
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following purposes<sup id="fnref-1"><a href="#fn-1" class="footnote-ref">1</a></sup>:</p><ul><li>stalking people leaving and coming back home,</li><li>retroactively making people pay for the parking,</li><li>providing evidence of people speeding on highways,</li><li>tracking people that don't pay tolls, or</li><li>convict employees leaving the work prematurely.</li></ul><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="format-of-the-input-file">Format of the input file<a href="#format-of-the-input-file" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Format of the input file" title="Direct link to Format of the input file"></a></h2><p>Input for your program consists of the data from the cameras. You will be given
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the data from the cameras as a path to a file and user should also be able to
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specify <code>-</code> (i.e. <code>stdin</code>) as the path.</p><p>Each “scan” (i.e. reading) of the cameras consists of the following data:</p><ul><li><p><em>camera ID</em>: non-negative integer identifying a camera</p></li><li><p><em>plate</em>: string of unknown length that can consist of any characters apart
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from whitespace</p></li><li><p><em>timestamp</em>: date and time of the scan as an unsigned integer (represented as
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a UNIX time)</p><div class="theme-admonition theme-admonition-tip alert alert--success admonition_LlT9"><div class="admonitionHeading_tbUL"><span class="admonitionIcon_kALy"><svg viewBox="0 0 12 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M6.5 0C3.48 0 1 2.19 1 5c0 .92.55 2.25 1 3 1.34 2.25 1.78 2.78 2 4v1h5v-1c.22-1.22.66-1.75 2-4 .45-.75 1-2.08 1-3 0-2.81-2.48-5-5.5-5zm3.64 7.48c-.25.44-.47.8-.67 1.11-.86 1.41-1.25 2.06-1.45 3.23-.02.05-.02.11-.02.17H5c0-.06 0-.13-.02-.17-.2-1.17-.59-1.83-1.45-3.23-.2-.31-.42-.67-.67-1.11C2.44 6.78 2 5.65 2 5c0-2.2 2.02-4 4.5-4 1.22 0 2.36.42 3.22 1.19C10.55 2.94 11 3.94 11 5c0 .66-.44 1.78-.86 2.48zM4 14h5c-.23 1.14-1.3 2-2.5 2s-2.27-.86-2.5-2z"></path></svg></span>tip</div><div class="admonitionContent_S0QG"><p>When programming on UN<!-- -->*<!-- -->X(-like) systems, you can assume that the <code>time_t</code>
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structure from the system header <code>time.h</code> <strong>is</strong> the <code>unsigned int</code> that you
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are provided in the input file.</p></div></div></li></ul><p>And they are compiled into one reading such as:</p><div class="codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#000000;--prism-background-color:#ffffff"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-text codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain">camera_ID: plate timestamp</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonIcon_y97N"><path fill="currentColor" d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div><p>There should be always <strong>at least one</strong> space in between each part of the
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reading. Readings are separated by the commas, which may, but don't have to, be
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accompanied by whitespace around.</p><h4 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="examples">Examples<a href="#examples" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Examples" title="Direct link to Examples"></a></h4><p>Few examples of the data from the cameras follow</p><div class="codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#000000;--prism-background-color:#ffffff"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-text codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain">10: ABC-12-34 1664608712, 289: XYZ-98-76 1665416417,</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain">25: ABC-12-34 1633078256 , 42: TryToCatchMe 1671602419,</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain">11: EL9-987 1679541338 ,2 : Foo-666 1683170082,42: YourMum 1683170082,</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain">42: TryToCatchMe 1671602419 , 1234: TryToCatchMe 1671602419,</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain">19: ABC-12-34 1664659649, 69:YouShould-not-pLaCe-4ny-expectations%on^the(input 1680307994,</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain">9 : 9B9-161 1665416417 , 10: 1a1-999 1671602419,1:lmao 1633078256,</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain">16: ABC-12-34 1664609012</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonIcon_y97N"><path fill="currentColor" d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="format-of-the-output">Format of the output<a href="#format-of-the-output" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Format of the output" title="Direct link to Format of the output"></a></h2><div class="theme-admonition theme-admonition-info alert alert--info admonition_LlT9"><div class="admonitionHeading_tbUL"><span class="admonitionIcon_kALy"><svg viewBox="0 0 14 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7 2.3c3.14 0 5.7 2.56 5.7 5.7s-2.56 5.7-5.7 5.7A5.71 5.71 0 0 1 1.3 8c0-3.14 2.56-5.7 5.7-5.7zM7 1C3.14 1 0 4.14 0 8s3.14 7 7 7 7-3.14 7-7-3.14-7-7-7zm1 3H6v5h2V4zm0 6H6v2h2v-2z"></path></svg></span>info</div><div class="admonitionContent_S0QG"><p>All the examples consider using data from the example of the input.</p></div></div><p>You are expected to print out the dates and cameras that has captured the
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license plate for each of them (in a sorted fashion).</p><p>If there are multiple scans present and the timespan (i.e. time difference
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between the scans is bigger than 60 minutes, you should separate them by a
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newline). For example:</p><div class="codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#000000;--prism-background-color:#ffffff"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-text codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain">*** ABC-12-34 ***</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain"> 25: Fri Oct 1 10:50:56 2021</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain"> 10: Sat Oct 1 09:18:32 2022</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain"> 16: Sat Oct 1 09:23:32 2022</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain"> 19: Sat Oct 1 23:27:29 2022</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonIcon_y97N"><path fill="currentColor" d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div><div class="theme-admonition theme-admonition-tip alert alert--success admonition_LlT9"><div class="admonitionHeading_tbUL"><span class="admonitionIcon_kALy"><svg viewBox="0 0 12 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M6.5 0C3.48 0 1 2.19 1 5c0 .92.55 2.25 1 3 1.34 2.25 1.78 2.78 2 4v1h5v-1c.22-1.22.66-1.75 2-4 .45-.75 1-2.08 1-3 0-2.81-2.48-5-5.5-5zm3.64 7.48c-.25.44-.47.8-.67 1.11-.86 1.41-1.25 2.06-1.45 3.23-.02.05-.02.11-.02.17H5c0-.06 0-.13-.02-.17-.2-1.17-.59-1.83-1.45-3.23-.2-.31-.42-.67-.67-1.11C2.44 6.78 2 5.65 2 5c0-2.2 2.02-4 4.5-4 1.22 0 2.36.42 3.22 1.19C10.55 2.94 11 3.94 11 5c0 .66-.44 1.78-.86 2.48zM4 14h5c-.23 1.14-1.3 2-2.5 2s-2.27-.86-2.5-2z"></path></svg></span>tip</div><div class="admonitionContent_S0QG"><p>Since you are given the timestamp in a <code>time_t</code> compatible type on UN<!-- -->*<!-- -->X, you
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can safely use <code>ctime(3)</code> for printing the timestamp as a <em>human readable</em> time
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when outputting the date and time.</p></div></div><div class="theme-admonition theme-admonition-tip alert alert--success admonition_LlT9"><div class="admonitionHeading_tbUL"><span class="admonitionIcon_kALy"><svg viewBox="0 0 12 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M6.5 0C3.48 0 1 2.19 1 5c0 .92.55 2.25 1 3 1.34 2.25 1.78 2.78 2 4v1h5v-1c.22-1.22.66-1.75 2-4 .45-.75 1-2.08 1-3 0-2.81-2.48-5-5.5-5zm3.64 7.48c-.25.44-.47.8-.67 1.11-.86 1.41-1.25 2.06-1.45 3.23-.02.05-.02.11-.02.17H5c0-.06 0-.13-.02-.17-.2-1.17-.59-1.83-1.45-3.23-.2-.31-.42-.67-.67-1.11C2.44 6.78 2 5.65 2 5c0-2.2 2.02-4 4.5-4 1.22 0 2.36.42 3.22 1.19C10.55 2.94 11 3.94 11 5c0 .66-.44 1.78-.86 2.48zM4 14h5c-.23 1.14-1.3 2-2.5 2s-2.27-.86-2.5-2z"></path></svg></span>tip</div><div class="admonitionContent_S0QG"><p>For a better readability you can include one more newline after the last line
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of the output.</p></div></div><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="example-usage">Example usage<a href="#example-usage" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Example usage" title="Direct link to Example usage"></a></h2><p>You can also have a look at example usage of your program. We can run your
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program from the shell like</p><div class="codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#000000;--prism-background-color:#ffffff"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-text codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain">$ ./cams example_1.txt</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonIcon_y97N"><path fill="currentColor" d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div><p>And it will produce an output:</p><div class="codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#000000;--prism-background-color:#ffffff"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-text codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain">*** ABC-12-34 ***</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain"> 25: Fri Oct 1 10:50:56 2021</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain"> 10: Sat Oct 1 09:18:32 2022</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain"> 16: Sat Oct 1 09:23:32 2022</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain"> 19: Sat Oct 1 23:27:29 2022</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain">*** EL9-987 ***</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain"> 11: Thu Mar 23 04:15:38 2023</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain">*** Foo-666 ***</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain"> 2: Thu May 4 05:14:42 2023</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain">*** TryToCatchMe ***</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain"> 42: Wed Dec 21 07:00:19 2022</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain"> 42: Wed Dec 21 07:00:19 2022</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain"> 1234: Wed Dec 21 07:00:19 2022</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain">*** XYZ-98-76 ***</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain"> 289: Mon Oct 10 17:40:17 2022</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#000000"><span class="token plain">*** YouShould-not-pLaCe-4ny-expectations%on^the(input ***</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="c
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information from the files.</li><li>For keeping the “records”, use some <strong>dynamic</strong> data structure.<ul><li>Don't forget to consider pros and cons of using <em>specific</em> data structures
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before going through implementing.</li></ul></li><li>You <strong>are not required</strong> to produce 1:1 output to the provided examples, they
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are just a hint to not waste your time tinkering with a user experience.</li><li>If any of the operations on the input files should fail,
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<strong>you are expected to</strong> handle the situation <em>accordingly</em>.</li><li>Failures of any other common functions (e.g. functions used for memory
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management) should be handled in <strong>the same way</strong> as they were in the
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homeworks and seminars.</li><li>Your program <strong>must free</strong> all the resources before exiting.</li></ul><div class="footnotes"><hr><ol><li id="fn-1">Subject to NDA.<a href="#fnref-1" class="footnote-backref">↩</a></li></ol></div></div><footer class="theme-doc-footer docusaurus-mt-lg"><div class="theme-doc-footer-edit-meta-row row"><div class="col"><a href="https://gitlab.com/mfocko/blog/tree/main/pb071/pexam/c-cams.md" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="theme-edit-this-page"><svg fill="currentColor" height="20" width="20" viewBox="0 0 40 40" class="iconEdit_Z9Sw" aria-hidden="true"><g><path d="m34.5 11.7l-3 3.1-6.3-6.3 3.1-3q0.5-0.5 1.2-0.5t1.1 0.5l3.9 3.9q0.5 0.4 0.5 1.1t-0.5 1.2z m-29.5 17.1l18.4-18.5 6.3 6.3-18.4 18.4h-6.3v-6.2z"></path></g></svg>Edit this page</a></div><div class="col lastUpdated_vwxv"><span class="theme-last-updated">Last updated<!-- --> on <b><time datetime="2023-05-07T00:00:00.000Z">May 7, 2023</time></b></span></div></div></footer></article><nav class="pagination-nav docusaurus-mt-lg" aria-label="Docs pages"><a class="pagination-nav__link pagination-nav__link--prev" href="/pb071/pexam/garbage_collect"><div class="pagination-nav__sublabel">Previous</div><div class="pagination-nav__label">Practice exam B</div></a><a class="pagination-nav__link pagination-nav__link--next" href="/pb071/mr"><div class="pagination-nav__sublabel">Next</div><div class="pagination-nav__label">Submitting merge requests</div></a></nav></div></div><div class="col col--3"><div class="tableOfContents_bqdL thin-scrollbar theme-doc-toc-desktop"><ul class="table-of-contents table-of-contents__left-border"><li><a href="#format-of-the-input-file" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">Format of the input file</a></li><li><a href="#format-of-the-output" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">Format of the output</a></li><li><a href="#example-usage" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">Example usage</a></li><li><a href="#requirements-and-notes" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">Requirements and notes</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></main></div></div><footer class="footer footer--dark"><div class="container container-fluid"><div class="row footer__links"><div class="col footer__col"><div class="footer__title">Git</div><ul class="footer__items clean-list"><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://github.com/mfocko" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">GitHub<svg width="13.5" height="13.5" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="iconExternalLink_nPIU"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21 13v10h-21v-19h12v2h-10v15h17v-8h2zm3-12h-10.988l4.035 4-6.977 7.07 2.828 2.828 6.977-7.07 4.125 4.172v-11z"></path></svg></a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://gitlab.com/mfocko" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">GitLab<svg width="13.5" height="13.5" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="iconExternalLink_nPIU"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21 13v10h-21v-19h12v2h-10v15h17v-8h2zm3-12h-10.988l4.035 4-6.977 7.07 2.828 2.828 6.977-7.07 4.125 4.172v-11z"></path></svg></a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://git.mfocko.xyz/mfocko" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">Gitea (self-hosted)<svg width="13.5" height="13.5" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="iconExternalLink_nPIU"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21 13v10h-21v-19h12v2h-10v15h17v-8h2zm3-12h-10.988l4.035 4-6.977 7.07 2.828 2.828 6.977-7.07 4.125 4.172v-11z"></path></svg></a></li></ul></div><div class="col footer__col"><div class="footer__title">Social #1</div><ul class="footer__items clean-list"><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/mfocko/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">LinkedIn<svg width="13.5" height="13.5" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="iconExternalLink_nPIU"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21 13v10h-21v-19h12v2h-10v15h17v-8h2zm3-12h-10.988l4.035 4-6.977 7.07 2.828 2.828 6.977-7.07 4.125 4.172v-11z"></path></svg></a></li><l
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