blog/algorithms/recursion/pyramid-slide-down/naive/index.html

78 lines
62 KiB
HTML
Raw Normal View History

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en" dir="ltr" class="docs-wrapper plugin-docs plugin-id-algorithms docs-version-current docs-doc-page docs-doc-id-recursion/2023-08-17-pyramid-slide-down/naive" data-has-hydrated="false">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="generator" content="Docusaurus v3.0.1">
<title data-rh="true">Naïve solution | mf</title><meta data-rh="true" name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><meta data-rh="true" name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"><meta data-rh="true" property="og:url" content="https://blog.mfocko.xyz/algorithms/recursion/pyramid-slide-down/naive/"><meta data-rh="true" property="og:locale" content="en"><meta data-rh="true" name="docusaurus_locale" content="en"><meta data-rh="true" name="docsearch:language" content="en"><meta data-rh="true" name="docusaurus_version" content="current"><meta data-rh="true" name="docusaurus_tag" content="docs-algorithms-current"><meta data-rh="true" name="docsearch:version" content="current"><meta data-rh="true" name="docsearch:docusaurus_tag" content="docs-algorithms-current"><meta data-rh="true" property="og:title" content="Naïve solution | mf"><meta data-rh="true" name="description" content="Naïve solution of the Pyramid Slide Down.
"><meta data-rh="true" property="og:description" content="Naïve solution of the Pyramid Slide Down.
"><link data-rh="true" rel="icon" href="/img/favicon.ico"><link data-rh="true" rel="canonical" href="https://blog.mfocko.xyz/algorithms/recursion/pyramid-slide-down/naive/"><link data-rh="true" rel="alternate" href="https://blog.mfocko.xyz/algorithms/recursion/pyramid-slide-down/naive/" hreflang="en"><link data-rh="true" rel="alternate" href="https://blog.mfocko.xyz/algorithms/recursion/pyramid-slide-down/naive/" hreflang="x-default"><link data-rh="true" rel="preconnect" href="https://0VXRFPR4QF-dsn.algolia.net" crossorigin="anonymous"><link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" title="mf" href="/opensearch.xml">
<link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" href="/blog/rss.xml" title="mf RSS Feed">
<link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" href="/blog/atom.xml" title="mf Atom Feed">
<link rel="alternate" type="application/json" href="/blog/feed.json" title="mf JSON Feed">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/katex@0.13.24/dist/katex.min.css" integrity="sha384-odtC+0UGzzFL/6PNoE8rX/SPcQDXBJ+uRepguP4QkPCm2LBxH3FA3y+fKSiJ+AmM" crossorigin="anonymous"><link rel="stylesheet" href="/assets/css/styles.e1ac7597.css">
<script src="/assets/js/runtime~main.65095f6f.js" defer="defer"></script>
<script src="/assets/js/main.2a166133.js" defer="defer"></script>
</head>
<body class="navigation-with-keyboard">
<script>!function(){function t(t){document.documentElement.setAttribute("data-theme",t)}var e=function(){try{return new URLSearchParams(window.location.search).get("docusaurus-theme")}catch(t){}}()||function(){try{return localStorage.getItem("theme")}catch(t){}}();t(null!==e?e:"light")}(),function(){try{const c=new URLSearchParams(window.location.search).entries();for(var[t,e]of c)if(t.startsWith("docusaurus-data-")){var a=t.replace("docusaurus-data-","data-");document.documentElement.setAttribute(a,e)}}catch(t){}}()</script><div id="__docusaurus"><div role="region" aria-label="Skip to main content"><a class="skipToContent_fXgn" href="#__docusaurus_skipToContent_fallback">Skip to main content</a></div><nav aria-label="Main" class="navbar navbar--fixed-top"><div class="navbar__inner"><div class="navbar__items"><button aria-label="Toggle navigation bar" aria-expanded="false" class="navbar__toggle clean-btn" type="button"><svg width="30" height="30" viewBox="0 0 30 30" aria-hidden="true"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-miterlimit="10" stroke-width="2" d="M4 7h22M4 15h22M4 23h22"></path></svg></button><a class="navbar__brand" href="/"><b class="navbar__title text--truncate">mf</b></a><div class="navbar__item dropdown dropdown--hoverable"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" role="button" class="navbar__link">Additional FI MU materials</a><ul class="dropdown__menu"><li><a aria-current="page" class="dropdown__link dropdown__link--active" href="/algorithms/">Algorithms</a></li><li><a class="dropdown__link" href="/c/">C</a></li><li><a class="dropdown__link" href="/cpp/">C++</a></li></ul></div><a class="navbar__item navbar__link" href="/contributions/">Contributions</a><a class="navbar__item navbar__link" href="/talks/">Talks</a></div><div class="navbar__items navbar__items--right"><a class="navbar__item navbar__link" href="/blog/">Blog</a><div class="toggle_vylO colorModeToggle_DEke"><button class="clean-btn toggleButton_gllP toggleButtonDisabled_aARS" type="button" disabled="" title="Switch between dark and light mode (currently light mode)" aria-label="Switch between dark and light mode (currently light mode)" aria-live="polite"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" height="24" class="lightToggleIcon_pyhR"><path fill="currentColor" d="M12,9c1.65,0,3,1.35,3,3s-1.35,3-3,3s-3-1.35-3-3S10.35,9,12,9 M12,7c-2.76,0-5,2.24-5,5s2.24,5,5,5s5-2.24,5-5 S14.76,7,12,7L12,7z M2,13l2,0c0.55,0,1-0.45,1-1s-0.45-1-1-1l-2,0c-0.55,0-1,0.45-1,1S1.45,13,2,13z M20,13l2,0c0.55,0,1-0.45,1-1 s-0.45-1-1-1l-2,0c-0.55,0-1,0.45-1,1S19.45,13,20,13z M11,2v2c0,0.55,0.45,1,1,1s1-0.45,1-1V2c0-0.55-0.45-1-1-1S11,1.45,11,2z M11,20v2c0,0.55,0.45,1,1,1s1-0.45,1-1v-2c0-0.55-0.45-1-1-1C11.45,19,11,19.45,11,20z M5.99,4.58c-0.39-0.39-1.03-0.39-1.41,0 c-0.39,0.39-0.39,1.03,0,1.41l1.06,1.06c0.39,0.39,1.03,0.39,1.41,0s0.39-1.03,0-1.41L5.99,4.58z M18.36,16.95 c-0.39-0.39-1.03-0.39-1.41,0c-0.39,0.39-0.39,1.03,0,1.41l1.06,1.06c0.39,0.39,1.03,0.39,1.41,0c0.39-0.39,0.39-1.03,0-1.41 L18.36,16.95z M19.42,5.99c0.39-0.39,0.39-1.03,0-1.41c-0.39-0.39-1.03-0.39-1.41,0l-1.06,1.06c-0.39,0.39-0.39,1.03,0,1.41 s1.03,0.39,1.41,0L19.42,5.99z M7.05,18.36c0.39-0.39,0.39-1.03,0-1.41c-0.39-0.39-1.03-0.39-1.41,0l-1.06,1.06 c-0.39,0.39-0.39,1.03,0,1.41s1.03,0.39,1.41,0L7.05,18.36z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" height="24" class="darkToggleIcon_wfgR"><path fill="currentColor" d="M9.37,5.51C9.19,6.15,9.1,6.82,9.1,7.5c0,4.08,3.32,7.4,7.4,7.4c0.68,0,1.35-0.09,1.99-0.27C17.45,17.19,14.93,19,12,19 c-3.86,0-7-3.14-7-7C5,9.07,6.81,6.55,9.37,5.51z M12,3c-4.97,0-9,4.03-9,9s4.03,9,9,9s9-4.03,9-9c0-0.46-0.04-0.92-0.1-1.36 c-0.98,1.37-2.58,2.26-4.4,2.26c-2.98,0-5.4-2.42-5.4-5.4c0-1.81,0.89-3.42,2.26-4.4C12.92,3.04,12.46,3,12,3L12,3z"></path></svg></button></div><div class="navbarSearchContainer_Bca1"><button type="button" class="DocSearch DocSearch-Button" aria-label="Search"><span class="DocSearch-Button-Container"><svg width="20" height="20" class="DocSearch-Search-Icon" viewBox="0 0 20 20"><path d="M14.386 14.386l4.0877 4.0877-4.0877-4.0877c-2.
the one with maximum sum.</p>
<div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">public</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">static</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">int</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:#d73a49">longestSlideDown</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">int</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">[</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">]</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">[</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">]</span><span class="token plain"> pyramid</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">int</span><span class="token plain"> row</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">int</span><span class="token plain"> col</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">if</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token plain">row </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">&gt;=</span><span class="token plain"> pyramid</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">.</span><span class="token plain">length </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">||</span><span class="token plain"> col </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">&lt;</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style="color:#36acaa">0</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">||</span><span class="token plain"> col </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">&gt;=</span><span class="token plain"> pyramid</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">[</span><span class="token plain">row</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">]</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">.</span><span class="token plain">length</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style="color:#999988;font-style:italic">// BASE: We have gotten out of bounds, there&#x27;s no reasonable value to</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style="color:#999988;font-style:italic">// return, so we just return the MIN_VALUE to ensure that it cannot</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style="color:#999988;font-style:italic">// be maximum.</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">return<
<p>As you can see, we have 2 overloads:</p>
<div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">int</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:#d73a49">longestSlideDown</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">int</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">[</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">]</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">[</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">]</span><span class="token plain"> pyramid</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">int</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:#d73a49">longestSlideDown</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">int</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">[</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">]</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">[</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">]</span><span class="token plain"> pyramid</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">int</span><span class="token plain"> row</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">int</span><span class="token plain"> col</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonIcon_y97N"><path fill="currentColor" d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div>
<p>First one is used as a <em>public interface</em> to the solution, you just pass in the
pyramid itself. Second one is the recursive “algorithm” that finds the slide
down.</p>
<p>It is a relatively simple solution… There&#x27;s nothing to do at the bottom of the
pyramid, so we just return the value in the <em>cell</em>. Otherwise we add it and try
to slide down the available cells below the current row.</p>
<h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="time-complexity">Time complexity<a href="#time-complexity" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Time complexity" title="Direct link to Time complexity"></a></h2>
<p>If you get the source code and run it yourself, it runs rather fine… I hope you
are wondering about the time complexity of the proposed solution and, since it
really is a naïve solution, the time complexity is pretty bad. Let&#x27;s find the
worst case scenario.</p>
<p>Let&#x27;s start with the first overload:</p>
<div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">public</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">static</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">int</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:#d73a49">longestSlideDown</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">int</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">[</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">]</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">[</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">]</span><span class="token plain"> pyramid</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">return</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:#d73a49">longestSlideDown</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token plain">pyramid</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style="color:#36acaa">0</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style="color:#36acaa">0</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonIcon_y97N"><path fill="currentColor" d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div>
<p>There&#x27;s not much to do here, so we can safely say that the time complexity of
this function is bounded by <span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><semantics><mrow><mi>T</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">T(n)</annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.13889em">T</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord mathnormal">n</span><span class="mclose">)</span></span></span></span>, where <span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><semantics><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">T</annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.6833em"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.13889em">T</span></span></span></span> is our second overload. This
doesn&#x27;t tell us anything, so let&#x27;s move on to the second overload where we are
going to define the <span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><semantics><mrow><mi>T</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">T(n)</annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.13889em">T</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord mathnormal">n</span><span class="mclose">)</span></span></span></span> function.</p>
<div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">public</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">static</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">int</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:#d73a49">longestSlideDown</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">int</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">[</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">]</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">[</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">]</span><span class="token plain"> pyramid</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">int</span><span class="token plain"> row</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">int</span><span class="token plain"> col</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">if</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token plain">row </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">&gt;=</span><span class="token plain"> pyramid</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">.</span><span class="token plain">length </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">||</span><span class="token plain"> col </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">&lt;</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style="color:#36acaa">0</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">||</span><span class="token plain"> col </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">&gt;=</span><span class="token plain"> pyramid</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">[</span><span class="token plain">row</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">]</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">.</span><span class="token plain">length</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style="color:#999988;font-style:italic">// BASE: We have gotten out of bounds, there&#x27;s no reasonable value to</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style="color:#999988;font-style:italic">// return, so we just return the MIN_VALUE to ensure that it cannot</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style="color:#999988;font-style:italic">// be maximum.</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">return<
<p>Fun fact is that the whole “algorithm” consists of just 2 <code>return</code> statements
and nothing else. Let&#x27;s dissect them!</p>
<p>First <code>return</code> statement is the base case, so it has a constant time complexity.</p>
<p>Second one a bit tricky. We add two numbers together, which we&#x27;ll consider as
constant, but for the right part of the expression we take maximum from the left
and right paths. OK… So what happens? We evaluate the <code>longestSlideDown</code> while
choosing the under and right both. They are separate computations though, so we
are branching from each call of <code>longestSlideDown</code>, unless it&#x27;s a base case.</p>
<p>What does that mean for us then? We basically get</p>
<span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mi>T</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo>=</mo><mrow><mo fence="true">{</mo><mtable rowspacing="0.36em" columnalign="left left" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="false"><mn>1</mn></mstyle></mtd><mtd><mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="false"><mrow><mtext>, if </mtext><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>w</mi><mi>s</mi></mrow></mstyle></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="false"><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><mn>2</mn><mo></mo><mi>T</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>y</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mstyle></mtd><mtd><mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="false"><mtext>, otherwise</mtext></mstyle></mtd></mtr></mtable></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">T(y) =
\begin{cases}
1 &amp; \text{, if } y = rows \\
1 + 2 \cdot T(y + 1) &amp; \text{, otherwise}
\end{cases}</annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.13889em">T</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em">y</span><span class="mclose">)</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:3em;vertical-align:-1.25em"></span><span class="minner"><span class="mopen delimcenter" style="top:0em"><span class="delimsizing size4">{</span></span><span class="mord"><span class="mtable"><span class="col-align-l"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.69em"><span style="top:-3.69em"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.008em"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord">1</span></span></span><span style="top:-2.25em"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.008em"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord">1</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em"></span><span class="mord">2</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em"></span><span class="mbin"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.13889em">T</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em">y</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em"></span><span class="mord">1</span><span class="mclose">)</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.19em"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="arraycolsep" style="width:1em"></span><span class="col-align-l"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.69em"><span style="top:-3.69em"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.008em"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord text"><span class="mord">, if </span></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em">y</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em"></span><span class="mord mathnormal">ro</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.02691em">w</span><span class="mord mathnormal">s</span></span></span><span style="top:-2.25em"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.008em"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord text"><span class="mord">, otherwise</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.19em"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span></span></span></span></span>
<p>That looks rather easy to compute, isn&#x27;t it? If you sum it up, you&#x27;ll get:</p>
<span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mi>T</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>w</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo></mo><mi mathvariant="script">O</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msup><mn>2</mn><mrow><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>w</mi><mi>s</mi></mrow></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">T(rows) \in \mathcal{O}(2^{rows})</annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.13889em">T</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord mathnormal">ro</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.02691em">w</span><span class="mord mathnormal">s</span><span class="mclose">)</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em"></span><span class="mrel"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em"></span><span class="mord mathcal" style="margin-right:0.02778em">O</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord">2</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.7144em"><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mathnormal mtight">ro</span><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.02691em">w</span><span class="mord mathnormal mtight">s</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose">)</span></span></span></span></span>
<p>If you wonder why, I&#x27;ll try to describe it intuitively:</p>
<ol>
<li>In each call to <code>longestSlideDown</code> we do some work in constant time,
regardless of being in the base case. Those are the <code>1</code>s in both cases.</li>
<li>If we are not in the base case, we move one row down <strong>twice</strong>. That&#x27;s how we
obtained <code>2 *</code> and <code>y + 1</code> in the <em>otherwise</em> case.</li>
<li>We move row-by-row, so we move down <code>y</code>-times and each call splits to two
subtrees.</li>
<li>Overall, if we were to represent the calls as a tree, we would get a full
binary tree of height <code>y</code>, in each node we do some work in constant time,
therefore we can just sum the ones.</li>
</ol>
<div class="theme-admonition theme-admonition-warning admonition_xJq3 alert alert--warning"><div class="admonitionHeading_Gvgb"><span class="admonitionIcon_Rf37"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M8.893 1.5c-.183-.31-.52-.5-.887-.5s-.703.19-.886.5L.138 13.499a.98.98 0 0 0 0 1.001c.193.31.53.501.886.501h13.964c.367 0 .704-.19.877-.5a1.03 1.03 0 0 0 .01-1.002L8.893 1.5zm.133 11.497H6.987v-2.003h2.039v2.003zm0-3.004H6.987V5.987h2.039v4.006z"></path></svg></span>warning</div><div class="admonitionContent_BuS1"><p>It would&#x27;ve been more complicated to get an exact result. In the equation above
we are assuming that the width of the pyramid is bound by the height.</p></div></div>
<p>Hopefully we can agree that this is not the best we can do. <!-- -->😉</p></div><footer class="theme-doc-footer docusaurus-mt-lg"><div class="theme-doc-footer-tags-row row margin-bottom--sm"><div class="col"><b>Tags:</b><ul class="tags_jXut padding--none margin-left--sm"><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/algorithms/tags/java/">java</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/algorithms/tags/recursion/">recursion</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/algorithms/tags/exponential/">exponential</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="theme-doc-footer-edit-meta-row row"><div class="col"><a href="https://github.com/mfocko/blog/tree/main/algorithms/04-recursion/2023-08-17-pyramid-slide-down/01-naive.md" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="theme-edit-this-page"><svg fill="currentColor" height="20" width="20" viewBox="0 0 40 40" class="iconEdit_Z9Sw" aria-hidden="true"><g><path d="m34.5 11.7l-3 3.1-6.3-6.3 3.1-3q0.5-0.5 1.2-0.5t1.1 0.5l3.9 3.9q0.5 0.4 0.5 1.1t-0.5 1.2z m-29.5 17.1l18.4-18.5 6.3 6.3-18.4 18.4h-6.3v-6.2z"></path></g></svg>Edit this page</a></div><div class="col lastUpdated_vwxv"><span class="theme-last-updated">Last updated<!-- --> on <b><time datetime="2023-08-17T00:00:00.000Z">Aug 17, 2023</time></b></span></div></div></footer></article><nav class="pagination-nav docusaurus-mt-lg" aria-label="Docs pages"><a class="pagination-nav__link pagination-nav__link--prev" href="/algorithms/recursion/pyramid-slide-down/"><div class="pagination-nav__sublabel">Previous</div><div class="pagination-nav__label">Introduction to dynamic programming</div></a><a class="pagination-nav__link pagination-nav__link--next" href="/algorithms/recursion/pyramid-slide-down/greedy/"><div class="pagination-nav__sublabel">Next</div><div class="pagination-nav__label">Greedy solution</div></a></nav></div></div><div class="col col--3"><div class="tableOfContents_bqdL thin-scrollbar theme-doc-toc-desktop"><ul class="table-of-contents table-of-contents__left-border"><li><a href="#time-complexity" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">Time complexity</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></main></div></div></div><footer class="footer footer--dark"><div class="container container-fluid"><div class="row footer__links"><div class="col footer__col"><div class="footer__title">Git</div><ul class="footer__items clean-list"><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://github.com/mfocko" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">GitHub<svg width="13.5" height="13.5" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="iconExternalLink_nPIU"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21 13v10h-21v-19h12v2h-10v15h17v-8h2zm3-12h-10.988l4.035 4-6.977 7.07 2.828 2.828 6.977-7.07 4.125 4.172v-11z"></path></svg></a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://gitlab.com/mfocko" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">GitLab<svg width="13.5" height="13.5" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="iconExternalLink_nPIU"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21 13v10h-21v-19h12v2h-10v15h17v-8h2zm3-12h-10.988l4.035 4-6.977 7.07 2.828 2.828 6.977-7.07 4.125 4.172v-11z"></path></svg></a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://git.mfocko.xyz/mfocko" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">Gitea (self-hosted)<svg width="13.5" height="13.5" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="iconExternalLink_nPIU"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21 13v10h-21v-19h12v2h-10v15h17v-8h2zm3-12h-10.988l4.035 4-6.977 7.07 2.828 2.828 6.977-7.07 4.125 4.172v-11z"></path></svg></a></li></ul></div><div class="col footer__col"><div class="footer__title">Social #1</div><ul class="footer__items clean-list"><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/mfocko/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">LinkedIn<svg width="13.5" height="13.5" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="iconExternalLink_nPIU"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21 13v10h-21v-19h12v2h-10v15h17v-8h2zm3-12h
</body>
</html>