Codeforces/282/index.html
Matej Focko 93cf1f6b10
282(A,java): solve “Bit++”
Signed-off-by: Matej Focko <me@mfocko.xyz>
2023-07-10 09:57:00 +02:00

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<div class="ttypography"><div class="problem-statement"><div class="header"><div class="title">A. Bit++</div><div class="time-limit"><div class="property-title">time limit per test</div>1 second</div><div class="memory-limit"><div class="property-title">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class="input-file"><div class="property-title">input</div>standard input</div><div class="output-file"><div class="property-title">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>The classic programming language of Bitland is Bit++. This language is so peculiar and complicated.</p><p>The language is that peculiar as it has exactly one variable, called <span class="tex-span"><i>x</i></span>. Also, there are two operations:</p><ul> <li> Operation <span class="tex-font-style-tt">++</span> increases the value of variable <span class="tex-span"><i>x</i></span> by 1. </li><li> Operation <span class="tex-font-style-tt">--</span> decreases the value of variable <span class="tex-span"><i>x</i></span> by 1. </li></ul><p>A statement in language Bit++ is a sequence, consisting of exactly one operation and one variable <span class="tex-span"><i>x</i></span>. The statement is written without spaces, that is, it can only contain characters &quot;<span class="tex-font-style-tt">+</span>&quot;, &quot;<span class="tex-font-style-tt">-</span>&quot;, &quot;<span class="tex-font-style-tt">X</span>&quot;. Executing a statement means applying the operation it contains.</p><p>A programme in Bit++ is a sequence of statements, each of them needs to be executed. Executing a programme means executing all the statements it contains.</p><p>You're given a programme in language Bit++. The initial value of <span class="tex-span"><i>x</i></span> is <span class="tex-span">0</span>. Execute the programme and find its final value (the value of the variable when this programme is executed).</p></div><div class="input-specification"><div class="section-title">Input</div><p>The first line contains a single integer <span class="tex-span"><i>n</i></span> <span class="tex-span">(1<i>n</i>150)</span> — the number of statements in the programme.</p><p>Next <span class="tex-span"><i>n</i></span> lines contain a statement each. Each statement contains exactly one operation (<span class="tex-font-style-tt">++</span> or <span class="tex-font-style-tt">--</span>) and exactly one variable <span class="tex-span"><i>x</i></span> (denoted as letter «<span class="tex-font-style-tt">X</span>»). Thus, there are no empty statements. The operation and the variable can be written in any order.</p></div><div class="output-specification"><div class="section-title">Output</div><p>Print a single integer — the final value of <span class="tex-span"><i>x</i></span>.</p></div><div class="sample-tests"><div class="section-title">Examples</div><div class="sample-test"><div class="input"><div class="title">Input</div><pre>1<br />++X<br /></pre></div><div class="output"><div class="title">Output</div><pre>1<br /></pre></div><div class="input"><div class="title">Input</div><pre>2<br />X++<br />--X<br /></pre></div><div class="output"><div class="title">Output</div><pre>0<br /></pre></div></div></div></div></div>
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<div class="ttypography"><div class="problem-statement"><div class="header"><div class="title">B. Painting Eggs</div><div class="time-limit"><div class="property-title">time limit per test</div>5 seconds</div><div class="memory-limit"><div class="property-title">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class="input-file"><div class="property-title">input</div>standard input</div><div class="output-file"><div class="property-title">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>The Bitlandians are quite weird people. They have very peculiar customs.</p><p>As is customary, Uncle J. wants to have <span class="tex-span"><i>n</i></span> eggs painted for Bitruz (an ancient Bitland festival). He has asked G. and A. to do the work.</p><p>The kids are excited because just as is customary, they're going to be paid for the job! </p><p>Overall uncle J. has got <span class="tex-span"><i>n</i></span> eggs. G. named his price for painting each egg. Similarly, A. named his price for painting each egg. It turns out that for each egg the sum of the money both A. and G. want for the painting equals <span class="tex-span">1000</span>.</p><p>Uncle J. wants to distribute the eggs between the children so as to give each egg to exactly one child. Also, Uncle J. wants the total money paid to A. to be different from the total money paid to G. by no more than <span class="tex-span">500</span>.</p><p>Help Uncle J. Find the required distribution of eggs or otherwise say that distributing the eggs in the required manner is impossible.</p></div><div class="input-specification"><div class="section-title">Input</div><p>The first line contains integer <span class="tex-span"><i>n</i></span> <span class="tex-span">(1<i>n</i>10<sup class="upper-index">6</sup>)</span> — the number of eggs.</p><p>Next <span class="tex-span"><i>n</i></span> lines contain two integers <span class="tex-span"><i>a</i><sub class="lower-index"><i>i</i></sub></span> and <span class="tex-span"><i>g</i><sub class="lower-index"><i>i</i></sub></span> each <span class="tex-span">(0<i>a</i><sub class="lower-index"><i>i</i></sub>,<i>g</i><sub class="lower-index"><i>i</i></sub>1000; <i>a</i><sub class="lower-index"><i>i</i></sub>+<i>g</i><sub class="lower-index"><i>i</i></sub>=1000)</span>: <span class="tex-span"><i>a</i><sub class="lower-index"><i>i</i></sub></span> is the price said by A. for the <span class="tex-span"><i>i</i></span>-th egg and <span class="tex-span"><i>g</i><sub class="lower-index"><i>i</i></sub></span> is the price said by G. for the <span class="tex-span"><i>i</i></span>-th egg.</p></div><div class="output-specification"><div class="section-title">Output</div><p>If it is impossible to assign the painting, print &quot;<span class="tex-font-style-tt">-1</span>&quot; (without quotes).</p><p>Otherwise print a string, consisting of <span class="tex-span"><i>n</i></span> letters &quot;<span class="tex-font-style-tt">G</span>&quot; and &quot;<span class="tex-font-style-tt">A</span>&quot;. The <span class="tex-span"><i>i</i></span>-th letter of this string should represent the child who will get the <span class="tex-span"><i>i</i></span>-th egg in the required distribution. Letter &quot;<span class="tex-font-style-tt">A</span>&quot; represents A. and letter &quot;<span class="tex-font-style-tt">G</span>&quot; represents G. If we denote the money Uncle J. must pay A. for the painting as <span class="tex-span"><i>S</i><sub class="lower-index"><i>a</i></sub></span>, and the money Uncle J. must pay G. for the painting as <span class="tex-span"><i>S</i><sub class="lower-index"><i>g</i></sub></span>, then this inequality must hold: <span class="tex-span">|<i>S</i><sub class="lower-index"><i>a</i></sub>-<i>S</i><sub class="lower-index"><i>g</i></sub>|500</span>. </p><p>If there are several solutions, you are allowed to print any of them.</p></div><div class="sample-tests"><div class="section-title">Examples</div><div class="sample-test"><div class="input"><div class="title">Input</div><pre>2<br />1 999<br />999 1<br /></pre></div><div class="output"><div class="title">Output</div><pre>AG<br /></pre></div><div class="input"><div class="title">Input</div><pre>3<br />400 600<br />400 600<br />400 600<br /></pre></div><div class="output"><div class="title">Output</div><pre>AGA<br /></pre></div></div></div></div></div>
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<div class="ttypography"><div class="problem-statement"><div class="header"><div class="title">C. XOR and OR</div><div class="time-limit"><div class="property-title">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class="memory-limit"><div class="property-title">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class="input-file"><div class="property-title">input</div>standard input</div><div class="output-file"><div class="property-title">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>The Bitlandians are quite weird people. They do everything differently. They have a different alphabet so they have a different definition for a string.</p><p>A Bitlandish string is a string made only of characters &quot;<span class="tex-font-style-tt">0</span>&quot; and &quot;<span class="tex-font-style-tt">1</span>&quot;.</p><p>BitHaval (the mayor of Bitland) loves to play with Bitlandish strings. He takes some Bitlandish string <span class="tex-span"><i>a</i></span>, and applies several (possibly zero) operations to it. In one operation the mayor may take any two adjacent characters of a string, define one of them as <span class="tex-span"><i>x</i></span> and the other one as <span class="tex-span"><i>y</i></span>. Then he calculates two values <span class="tex-span"><i>p</i></span> and <span class="tex-span"><i>q</i></span>: <span class="tex-span"><i>p</i>=<i>x</i> <i>xor</i> <i>y</i></span>, <span class="tex-span"><i>q</i>=<i>x</i> <i>or</i> <i>y</i></span>. Then he replaces one of the two taken characters by <span class="tex-span"><i>p</i></span> and the other one by <span class="tex-span"><i>q</i></span>.</p><p>The <span class="tex-span"><i>xor</i></span> operation means the bitwise excluding OR operation. The <span class="tex-span"><i>or</i></span> operation is the bitwise OR operation.</p><p>So for example one operation can transform string <span class="tex-font-style-tt">11</span> to string <span class="tex-font-style-tt">10</span> or to string <span class="tex-font-style-tt">01</span>. String <span class="tex-font-style-tt">1</span> cannot be transformed into any other string.</p><p>You've got two Bitlandish strings <span class="tex-span"><i>a</i></span> and <span class="tex-span"><i>b</i></span>. Your task is to check if it is possible for BitHaval to transform string <span class="tex-span"><i>a</i></span> to string <span class="tex-span"><i>b</i></span> in several (possibly zero) described operations.</p></div><div class="input-specification"><div class="section-title">Input</div><p>The first line contains Bitlandish string <span class="tex-span"><i>a</i></span>, the second line contains Bitlandish string <span class="tex-span"><i>b</i></span>. The strings can have different lengths.</p><p>It is guaranteed that the given strings only consist of characters &quot;0&quot; and &quot;1&quot;. The strings are not empty, their length doesn't exceed <span class="tex-span">10<sup class="upper-index">6</sup></span>.</p></div><div class="output-specification"><div class="section-title">Output</div><p>Print &quot;<span class="tex-font-style-tt">YES</span>&quot; if <span class="tex-span"><i>a</i></span> can be transformed into <span class="tex-span"><i>b</i></span>, otherwise print &quot;<span class="tex-font-style-tt">NO</span>&quot;. Please do not print the quotes.</p></div><div class="sample-tests"><div class="section-title">Examples</div><div class="sample-test"><div class="input"><div class="title">Input</div><pre>11<br />10<br /></pre></div><div class="output"><div class="title">Output</div><pre>YES<br /></pre></div><div class="input"><div class="title">Input</div><pre>1<br />01<br /></pre></div><div class="output"><div class="title">Output</div><pre>NO<br /></pre></div><div class="input"><div class="title">Input</div><pre>000<br />101<br /></pre></div><div class="output"><div class="title">Output</div><pre>NO<br /></pre></div></div></div></div></div>
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<div class="ttypography"><div class="problem-statement"><div class="header"><div class="title">D. Yet Another Number Game</div><div class="time-limit"><div class="property-title">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class="memory-limit"><div class="property-title">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class="input-file"><div class="property-title">input</div>standard input</div><div class="output-file"><div class="property-title">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Since most contestants do not read this part, I have to repeat that Bitlandians are quite weird. They have their own jobs, their own working method, their own lives, their own sausages and their own games!</p><p>Since you are so curious about Bitland, I'll give you the chance of peeking at one of these games.</p><p>BitLGM and BitAryo are playing yet another of their crazy-looking genius-needed Bitlandish games. They've got a sequence of <span class="tex-span"><i>n</i></span> non-negative integers <span class="tex-span"><i>a</i><sub class="lower-index">1</sub>,<i>a</i><sub class="lower-index">2</sub>,...,<i>a</i><sub class="lower-index"><i>n</i></sub></span>. The players make moves in turns. BitLGM moves first. Each player can and must do one of the two following actions in his turn:</p><ul> <li> Take one of the integers (we'll denote it as <span class="tex-span"><i>a</i><sub class="lower-index"><i>i</i></sub></span>). Choose integer <span class="tex-span"><i>x</i></span> <span class="tex-span">(1<i>x</i> ≤ <i>a</i><sub class="lower-index"><i>i</i></sub>)</span>. And then decrease <span class="tex-span"><i>a</i><sub class="lower-index"><i>i</i></sub></span> by <span class="tex-span"><i>x</i></span>, that is, apply assignment: <span class="tex-span"><i>a</i><sub class="lower-index"><i>i</i></sub>=<i>a</i><sub class="lower-index"><i>i</i></sub>-<i>x</i></span>. </li><li> Choose integer <span class="tex-span"><i>x</i></span> <img align="middle" class="tex-formula" src="https://espresso.codeforces.com/9bcd77b1a4d70adef53560c92a78c087c5d0039f.png" style="max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;" />. And then decrease all <span class="tex-span"><i>a</i><sub class="lower-index"><i>i</i></sub></span> by <span class="tex-span"><i>x</i></span>, that is, apply assignment: <span class="tex-span"><i>a</i><sub class="lower-index"><i>i</i></sub>=<i>a</i><sub class="lower-index"><i>i</i></sub>-<i>x</i></span>, for all <span class="tex-span"><i>i</i></span>. </li></ul><p>The player who cannot make a move loses.</p><p>You're given the initial sequence <span class="tex-span"><i>a</i><sub class="lower-index">1</sub>,<i>a</i><sub class="lower-index">2</sub>,...,<i>a</i><sub class="lower-index"><i>n</i></sub></span>. Determine who wins, if both players plays optimally well and if BitLGM and BitAryo start playing the described game in this sequence.</p></div><div class="input-specification"><div class="section-title">Input</div><p>The first line contains an integer <span class="tex-span"><i>n</i></span> (<span class="tex-span">1<i>n</i>3</span>).</p><p>The next line contains <span class="tex-span"><i>n</i></span> integers <span class="tex-span"><i>a</i><sub class="lower-index">1</sub>,<i>a</i><sub class="lower-index">2</sub>,...,<i>a</i><sub class="lower-index"><i>n</i></sub></span> <span class="tex-span">(0<i>a</i><sub class="lower-index"><i>i</i></sub>&lt;300)</span>.</p></div><div class="output-specification"><div class="section-title">Output</div><p>Write the name of the winner (provided that both players play optimally well). Either &quot;<span class="tex-font-style-tt">BitLGM</span>&quot; or &quot;<span class="tex-font-style-tt">BitAryo</span>&quot; (without the quotes).</p></div><div class="sample-tests"><div class="section-title">Examples</div><div class="sample-test"><div class="input"><div class="title">Input</div><pre>2<br />1 1<br /></pre></div><div class="output"><div class="title">Output</div><pre>BitLGM<br /></pre></div><div class="input"><div class="title">Input</div><pre>2<br />1 2<br /></pre></div><div class="output"><div class="title">Output</div><pre>BitAryo<br /></pre></div><div class="input"><div class="title">Input</div><pre>3<br />1 2 1<br /></pre></div><div class="output"><div class="title">Output</div><pre>BitLGM<br /></pre></div></div></div></div></div>
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<div class="ttypography"><div class="problem-statement"><div class="header"><div class="title">E. Sausage Maximization</div><div class="time-limit"><div class="property-title">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class="memory-limit"><div class="property-title">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class="input-file"><div class="property-title">input</div>standard input</div><div class="output-file"><div class="property-title">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>The Bitlandians are quite weird people. They have their own problems and their own solutions. They have their own thoughts and their own beliefs, they have their own values and their own merits. They have their own dishes and their own sausages!</p><p>In Bitland a sausage is an array of integers! A sausage's deliciousness is equal to the bitwise excluding OR (the <span class="tex-span"><i>xor</i></span> operation) of all integers in that sausage. </p><p>One day, when Mr. Bitkoch (the local cook) was going to close his BitRestaurant, BitHaval and BitAryo, the most famous citizens of Bitland, entered the restaurant and each ordered a sausage.</p><p>But Mr. Bitkoch had only one sausage left. So he decided to cut a prefix (several, may be zero, first array elements) of the sausage and give it to BitHaval and a postfix (several, may be zero, last array elements) of the sausage and give it to BitAryo. Note that one or both pieces of the sausage can be empty. Of course, the cut pieces mustn't intersect (no array element can occur in both pieces).</p><p>The pleasure of BitHaval and BitAryo is equal to the bitwise XOR of their sausages' deliciousness. An empty sausage's deliciousness equals zero.</p><p>Find a way to cut a piece of sausage for BitHaval and BitAryo that maximizes the pleasure of these worthy citizens.</p></div><div class="input-specification"><div class="section-title">Input</div><p>The first line contains an integer <span class="tex-span"><i>n</i></span> (<span class="tex-span">1<i>n</i>10<sup class="upper-index">5</sup></span>).</p><p>The next line contains <span class="tex-span"><i>n</i></span> integers <span class="tex-span"><i>a</i><sub class="lower-index">1</sub>,<i>a</i><sub class="lower-index">2</sub>,...,<i>a</i><sub class="lower-index"><i>n</i></sub></span> <span class="tex-span">(0<i>a</i><sub class="lower-index"><i>i</i></sub>10<sup class="upper-index">12</sup>)</span> — Mr. Bitkoch's sausage.</p><p>Please, do not use the <span class="tex-font-style-tt">%lld</span> specifier to read or write 64-bit integers in С++. It is preferred to use the <span class="tex-font-style-tt">cin</span>, <span class="tex-font-style-tt">cout</span> streams or the <span class="tex-font-style-tt">%I64d</span> specifier.</p></div><div class="output-specification"><div class="section-title">Output</div><p>Print a single integer — the maximum pleasure BitHaval and BitAryo can get from the dinner.</p></div><div class="sample-tests"><div class="section-title">Examples</div><div class="sample-test"><div class="input"><div class="title">Input</div><pre>2<br />1 2<br /></pre></div><div class="output"><div class="title">Output</div><pre>3<br /></pre></div><div class="input"><div class="title">Input</div><pre>3<br />1 2 3<br /></pre></div><div class="output"><div class="title">Output</div><pre>3<br /></pre></div><div class="input"><div class="title">Input</div><pre>2<br />1000 1000<br /></pre></div><div class="output"><div class="title">Output</div><pre>1000<br /></pre></div></div></div></div></div>
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