go: add «2872. Maximum Number of K-Divisble Components»

URL:	https://leetcode.com/problems/maximum-number-of-k-divisible-components/
Signed-off-by: Matej Focko <me@mfocko.xyz>

go/maximum-number-of-k-divisible-components.go

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	aq "github.com/emirpasic/gods/v2/queues/arrayqueue"
+)
+
+func maxKDivisibleComponents(n int, edges [][]int, values []int, k int) int {
+	if n < 2 {
+		return 1
+	}
+
+	// create empty data structures
+	graph := make([][]int, n)
+	for i, _ := range graph {
+		graph[i] = make([]int, 0)
+	}
+	inDegrees := make([]int, n)
+
+	// initialize the graph and degrees
+	for _, edge := range edges {
+		u, v := edge[0], edge[1]
+
+		graph[u] = append(graph[u], v)
+		inDegrees[v]++
+
+		graph[v] = append(graph[v], u)
+		inDegrees[u]++
+	}
+
+	// Start with leafs
+	q := aq.New[int]()
+	for u, deg := range inDegrees {
+		if deg == 1 {
+			q.Enqueue(u)
+		}
+	}
+
+	lValues := make([]int64, n)
+	for i, value := range values {
+		lValues[i] = int64(value)
+	}
+
+	components := 0
+	for u, ok := q.Dequeue(); ok; u, ok = q.Dequeue() {
+		inDegrees[u]--
+
+		value := int64(0)
+		if lValues[u]%int64(k) == 0 {
+			components++
+		} else {
+			value = int64(lValues[u])
+		}
+
+		for _, v := range graph[u] {
+			if inDegrees[v] == 0 {
+				continue
+			}
+
+			inDegrees[v]--
+			if inDegrees[v] == 1 {
+				// if a new leaf
+				q.Enqueue(v)
+			}
+
+			lValues[v] += value
+		}
+	}
+
+	return components
+}